157 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
157 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
# protobuf
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```go
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// RPC 协议，约束服务端的实现，约束 客户端的调用
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type HelloService interface {
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Hello(ctx context.Context, request string) (string, error)
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}
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```
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+ RPC方法的定义
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+ PRC数据结构的定义
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## 插件安装
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```sh
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➜ protobuf go install google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@latest
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go: downloading google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.8
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➜ protobuf go install google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@latest
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go: downloading google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0
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```
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## 接口声明
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```proto
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syntax = "proto3";
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package hello;
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option go_package="122.51.31.227/go-course/go18/skills/rpc/protobuf/hello_service";
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// The HelloService service definition.
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service HelloService {
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// rpc 声明接口
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rpc Hello (Request) returns (Response);
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}
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message Request {
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string value = 1;
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}
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message Response {
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string value = 1;
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}
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```
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## 使用protobuf 定义数据结构
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使用protoc-gen-go 插件来生成struct
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```proto
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message Request {
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string value = 1;
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}
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message Response {
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string value = 1;
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}
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```
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```sh
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# -- go_out 是参数, go out: go使用go语言插件(protoc-gen-go), go语言插件的参数 out
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# out: 生成的代码放哪个目录, 默认项目根目录
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# opt: module="xxx", 用于指定文件所属go module
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# 应用使用了module="xxx"最好在工程根目录执行
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# -I: 指定protobuf include的其他包的搜索位置, 通常情况 项目根目录比较合适
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# cd go18
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protoc -I=. --go_out=. --go_opt=module="122.51.31.227/go-course/go18" skills/rpc/protobuf/hello_service/interface.proto
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```
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interface.pb.go
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```go
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type Request struct {
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state protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
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Value string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
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unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
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sizeCache protoimpl.SizeCache
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}
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type Response struct {
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state protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
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Value string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
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unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
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sizeCache protoimpl.SizeCache
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}
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```
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## 使用protobuf 定义RPC (grpc)
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使用 protoc-gen-go-grpc来生成 接口描述(service定义相关部分)
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```proto
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// The HelloService service definition.
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service HelloService {
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// rpc 声明接口
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rpc Hello (Request) returns (Response);
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}
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```
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```sh
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# -- go_out 是参数, go out: go使用go语言插件(protoc-gen-go), go语言插件的参数 out
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# out: 生成的代码放哪个目录, 默认项目根目录
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# opt: module="xxx", 用于指定文件所属go module
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# 应用使用了module="xxx"最好在工程根目录执行
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# -I: 指定protobuf include的其他包的搜索位置, 通常情况 项目根目录比较合适
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# cd go18
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protoc -I=. --go-grpc_out=. --go-grpc_opt=module="122.51.31.227/go-course/go18" skills/rpc/protobuf/hello_service/interface.proto
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```
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interface_grpc.pb.go
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```go
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// 服务端接口
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// HelloServiceServer is the server API for HelloService service.
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// All implementations must embed UnimplementedHelloServiceServer
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// for forward compatibility.
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//
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// The HelloService service definition.
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type HelloServiceServer interface {
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// rpc 声明接口
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Hello(context.Context, *Request) (*Response, error)
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mustEmbedUnimplementedHelloServiceServer()
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}
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// 客户端接口
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// HelloServiceClient is the client API for HelloService service.
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//
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// For semantics around ctx use and closing/ending streaming RPCs, please refer to https://pkg.go.dev/google.golang.org/grpc/?tab=doc#ClientConn.NewStream.
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//
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// The HelloService service definition.
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type HelloServiceClient interface {
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// rpc 声明接口
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Hello(ctx context.Context, in *Request, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Response, error)
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}
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// 客户端的具体实现
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type helloServiceClient struct {
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cc grpc.ClientConnInterface
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}
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func NewHelloServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) HelloServiceClient {
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return &helloServiceClient{cc}
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}
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func (c *helloServiceClient) Hello(ctx context.Context, in *Request, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*Response, error) {
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cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
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out := new(Response)
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err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HelloService_Hello_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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return out, nil
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}
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```
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## 服务端实现接口，注册给grpc服务
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## 其他服务 使用生成的client，调用grpc服务的方法 |